Laser particle size analyzer in the powder metallurgy applications and future trends

Laser particle size analyzer in the powder metallurgy applications and future trends
Powder metallurgy is used as a raw material, the metal powder (or a mixture of metal powder and nonmetal powder) After molding and sintering, the manufacturing technology of metallic materials, composites and various types of articles.
Metallic powder raw materials mainly inclpowder metalude a powder of iron, tungsten, molybdenum, copper, cobalt, nickel, titanium, tantalum, aluminum, tin, lead, manganese, etc., the proportion of about more than 2/3 of the total metal powder production. Also includes the related compounds of the above metal powder and the like.
The granularity of these metal powders directly affect the processing of the powder molding, the shrinkage during sintering and the final properties of the product. The performance of certain powder metallurgy products is almost directly related to and granularity, e.g., the filtration accuracy of the filter material is divided by 10 is obtained by the average particle size of the original powder particles experience; the carbide product performance and wc phase grains have very great relationship, to get a finer grain carbide only be possible to adopt a more fine-grained wc raw.
Part of the metal powder manufacturers to improve the market competitiveness, now many domestic laser particle size analyzer to detect the particle size distribution, improving the production process, and gradually improve the quality of the products, expand product market share, some companies due to improvement of product quality has begun to replace the foreign material suppliers. In addition, some manufacturers use raw materials is required particle size control, but the enterprise in order to save costs, the metal powder production or purchase of raw materials, hardly any detection, product quality has been hovering in the low end of the state of the industry, as the industry the continuous development of this part of the business is bound to be a merger or eliminated.
By constantly introducing advanced foreign technology and developing and providing innovative combination of powder metallurgy industry and technology has emerged as a trend of rapid development, is one of the fastest growing industries in the China Genesintered metalral Machine Components Industry annual National Powder Metallurgy industry output value rate of 35% annually. Global manufacturing is accelerating the transfer to China, the rapid development of the automotive industry, machinery manufacturing, metal industry, aerospace, instrumentation, hardware tools, construction machinery, electronic appliances and high-tech industries such as powder metallurgy industry has brought a rare development opportunities and a huge market space. In addition, the powder metallurgy industry has been China's inclusion on the priority to the development and encouragement of foreign investment projects. Therefore, the development prospects of the powder metallurgy industry.

Slewing large gear welding repair method

Slewing large gear welding repair method
Crane overload operation for a long time, the rotating big gear two teeth broken from the tooth root can be welded repair.
The key technology of welding repair is to avoid hot cracking and cold cracking. The way to prevent cracks in the welding is to reduce the diffusible hydrogen content of the weld, to reduce the hardened tendencies and heat input and reduce welding restraint stress.
Longer grinding, welding workload due to the the surfacing whole toothdry transformers repair process was chosen following planting teeth and welding combined.
(1) open T-slot
The same as the first broken teeth using angle grinder or the like opening at the bottom of the T-shaped groove, the width of the tooth root of its upper opening width of the original tooth, under the mouth width than the upper opening width of 40mm, and the groove depth is 30 mm. Then, using angle grinder to the groove bottom and the surrounding grinding the flat, the last measure out the exact dimensions of the T-shaped slot.
(2) system replaces teeth
① According to the T-shaped groove and the dimensions of the original tooth, made a replacement tooth, to coincide with the T-shaped groove at the bottom of the replacement tooth, the upper part of the original tooth shape, and then to replace the tooth inlay T-shaped groove, open a good Note inserts seeded Do not overtighten. Check inlaid into the relative position of the replacement tooth, so that the size of the various parts to meet the requirements. If the error is too large to redo or trimming until the replacement teeth are mounted stud welding machineon the dimensions of the various parts of the compliance requirement.
(2) with countersunk screws fixed replacement teeth. After the replacement tooth inlay good hand DRILL drill two holes 10. 2mm in the vertical direction of the tooth top surface, position, respectively, from the center point of each 20mm of the both end surfaces of the teeth, until the drill into the cast steel base body until, then switch 8 . 5mm drill in the cast matrix drill the bottom hole depth of about 25mm and tapping M10 thread. Then, at the location of the tooth top well counterbore. Finally, with M10 socket head cap screws to replace teeth fixed.
(3) Welding
① open beveling. Replacement tooth explants good, respectively, in the tooth root and at the junction of the cast steel base body on both sides of the base body to open the V-shaped groove, a depth of about 12mm.
(2) the selection of the welding process material. In order to reduce the content of diffusible hydrogen in the weld, the welding material selection, better low-hydrogen and crack resistance J557 electrode.
(3) welding parameters. A bottom to choose 3. 2mm J557 welding rod, welding current 110A Stud welding systemsubsequent layers switch 4mm J557 electrode, current 130 ~ 160A, the power polarity selection DCRP.
Weld ④ facilities. J557 electrode in a temperature of 350 ° C before welding baking 1h; flame will be welded preheated to 300 ℃; vertical welding with arc, multi-layer multi-pass welding with Wong, etc. Note that before welding painted to cover the rest do not the welded tooth surface; finished welding a welding rod, immediately hammering the weld bead, eliminate stress, each weld bead must clean up hammering; Note that the inter-layer welding temperature not lower than 300 ° C until the solder to the open groove the height of the matrix; welding after asbestos cloth covered with insulation slow cooling 8h after finishing with angle grinder grinding welding.

Smart grid special plan released

Smart grid special plan released
Countries vigorously promote the advancement of the proportion of new energy power generation and electric drill edm vehicle industry background, during the "12th Five-Year Smart Grid will accelerate the construction speed.
Smart Grid concern hotspots include large-scale renewable energy generation access technology and its run in conjunction with the large-scale energy storage technology; look at the process of building a smart grid integrated in all regions of the world, large grid interconnection, the long-distance transmission and its associated control technology; distribution automation and micro-mesh;, and the user side of the drill edmsmart meter and demand response technology.
"Planning" that the the user diverse needs of present new challenges to existing grid. With smart electricity sectors to meet the distributed power access, electric vehicle charging and discharging, two-way interactive grid with user needs. Much-needed breakthrough in large-scale distributed power access to the distribution network key supporting technologies. The development of electric vehicles have entered the industrial development period, and therefore the urgent need for electric vehicle charging drill edm and discharging technology breakthrough. The development of smart cities and smart home, opened up a new model flexible interaction energy is also an urgent need to establish an open smart power platform.
To support the development of smart grid, it is necessary to lay out the six industries: clean energy generation, smart grid construction will greatly improve the power grid to accept the intermittent clean energy generating capacity, is the premise of further rapid development of clean energy generation; clean energy generation equipment manufacturing, such as wind power, solar power, etc.; new materials industries, such as drill edm photoelectric conversion materials, energy storage materials, insulation materials, superconducting materials, nano-materials; of grid equipment manufacturing industry, such as new power electronic devices, transformers, etc.; communication instrument drill edm instrumentation, sensing, software, etc.; new energy automotive industry. In addition, the smart grid also involved in home appliances and consumer electronics industry.
Technology breakthroughs in the field of large-scale energy storage system, large capacity storage batteries and integrated applications will become the focus. "Planning" that capacity will focus on research-based lithium battery energy storage device, and the monomer sodium sulfur battery and large-scale drill edm preparation automation of key issues as well as the core technology of integrated applications, advanced sodium-sulfur battery industrialization preparation techniques megawatt sodium-sulfur battery energy storage power station integrated application technology.

The brake the abnormal sound check and processing focus calipers and wear

The brake the abnormal sound check and processing focus calipers and wear
With the cooler season, auto correct conservation again become the focus of the car people. Often been mentioned often heard the car in the braking vehicle brake pads rattle these types of vehicle brake pads sound common noise, respectively, for the high-frequency screaming, low frequency howl, brake racing dull echo. These issues is how to generate? Approach it?
The high-frequency sounds sharp, and when the frequency of vibration of the brake racing disc and the brake pads are the same, they resonance screams. Check calipers include: the rail lubrication and smooth, piston oil seal for damage; the all the noise abatement clip with brake pads suitability, installation is correct; brake pads are too smooth, is over.
The calipers noise and vibration caused by the calipers component may be due to the suspension system vibration caused. Slight shock of the new car calipers or suspension system, the early morning of sensitivity, such as winter morning, especially common. Check calipers, suspension system brake racing and bushings. Pedal relaxation, easy to cause the steering wheel to jitter. The new model is prone to such problems, maintenance CV Joint connections, check the brake pads wear, brake disc thickness differences.
The brake disc wear exception, which is due to the density unevenness of the surface of the brake disc is dirty brake racing, the brake disk material, an excessively high operating temperature of the brake disk mounting torque does not match. Must be checked before replacing the brake pads brake disc; the reinstall fixed brake disc caliper check the thickness of the brake disc; bolt; measuring the brake disc surface flatness.

Casting bearing industry in China will enter the ranks of the world's major powers

Casting bearing industry in China will enter the ranks of the world's major powers
The bearing casting industry in China shoulders the important mission of China's high-end equipment localization, under the guidance of the 12th Five-Year Plan, China bearing foundry industry to develop industry development plan. Formulate a policy of stimulating domestic mold industry development project and export carriages.
Driven by the development of rail transport, medical equipment, new energy, aerospace, automotive lightweight, rail transportation and other fields, the the bearing casting industry significantly improved. slide bearing foundry industry is advancing in the Ministry of traditional market stability while actively exploring new markets, and even the edge of the market to be ignored in the past has also been developed.
According to the current level of development of the Plastic bearing casting industry, through the concerted efforts of the government and casting bearing enterprise with relevant experts predict that by 2015, China's only high-end bearings foundry industry will be able to reach 222 billion yuan sales of high-end casting bearing obvious progress in the industry. Casting coupled with low-end products bearing production, casting bearing industry production in the world will achieve great power status.
Casting bearing industry in China will either yield or quality are significantly improved, this trend speculated casting bearing industry in China will soon enter the ranks of the world's major powers.

防爆膜中端市場或成下一個掘金熱點

　　在一次走訪汽車用品市場的時候，結識到一位汽車防爆膜批發商。在談到汽車防爆市場的現狀時，他感歎到，經濟大環境不好，防爆膜市場越來越難做，尤其是大卷膜市場的競爭尤為激烈。當詢問起從業的年限時，他很坦白地告訴筆者，隔熱紙他從事大卷膜批發已經十年了。十年來，除了批發的面積變得大了一點，賺到一些錢之外，似乎也沒有積攢下來什麼特別有價值的信息。然而，對於企業來說，能夠有幾個十年的時光在默默無聞中銷聲匿跡?又如何從眾多品牌中崛起?同樣是十年，威固等一線品牌為什麼迅速地崛起，搶占防爆膜高端市場?行業內的經營者逐漸地明白一個道理：“逆水行舟，不進則退”，在防爆膜市場秩序逐步趨於完善的今天，企業最關注的就是“變革”、“品牌”等話題。
　　崢嶸歲月：獨上高樓，望盡天涯路
　　我國汽車保有量的飛速增長催生了汽車後市場，而汽車防爆膜作為一個新興的行業逐漸地進入人們的生活。最初進入汽車防爆膜領域的先行者們都抱著一個目的：賺錢。如何去賺錢，最簡單的邏輯就是用最低的成本賺取最高的利潤，所以在網汽車隔熱紙上有很多關於防爆膜市場的內幕，以幾十元的成本可以賣到數千元，其利潤率甚至高達幾十倍!盡管有這麼“高”的利潤，一些企業還不知足，盡可能地壓低成本，賺取更高的利潤，至於產品的質量、相關的服務和車主的安全等問題都不在考慮的范圍之內。
　　然而，與大多數人的思維和做法不同的是，一些企業卻堅持品牌之路。樹立品牌，首先要保證產品的質量，因而需要投入更多的資本;樹立品牌，還需要構建企業的管理體系，也需要投入資金;樹立品牌，還需要吸納更多的人才，又需大樓隔熱紙要投入成本;樹立品牌需要宣傳和推廣，也需要投入資金……這些林林總總的投入加起來，對於一個新興的行業、新興的企業來說，絕對不是一個小數目。好不容易從市場上賺取到利潤，又要投入這麼大的資金，誰能夠有如此大氣魄和對於市場發展趨勢的前瞻性?因此，當威固等少數企業從事品牌運營的探索之路時，一度遭到業內很多人士的不理解和嘲笑，雖然面對“眾人皆醉我獨醒”“獨上高樓，望盡天涯路”，然而這些品牌企業卻依然“衣帶漸寬終不悔，為伊消得人憔悴”，繼續堅持在品牌之路上尋求崛起之道。
　　驀然回首：先人一步，得風雲天下
　　當時光拉回到2012年，原來很多做大卷膜批發、做低端市場的企業忽然建築隔熱紙間發現，從傳統書刊的發行到現在網絡、電視等媒體的出現，鋪天蓋地都是企業廣告鋪天蓋地的“狂轟濫炸”，品牌知名度已經成為衡量一個企業實力的重要標准之一。防爆膜市場真正意義上的“以最小的投入，換取最大回報”的那一層“蛋糕”——高端市場已經被幾家企業所“瓜分”完畢。威固、雷朋、強生、3M、量子膜、龍膜等少數品牌逐漸地成為家喻戶曉、爭先選擇的對象。在防爆膜渠道建設逐步由行業品牌向大眾品牌過渡的時期，這些代表防爆膜市場“金字塔”的頂級存在，必然會成為終端車主首選的對象。
　　很多企業都在說，我的產品質量絕對不次於威固，但是除了企業這樣認為之外大樓防爆模，誰又願意相信，誰又敢相信呢?產品沒有經過市場的檢驗，品牌沒有經曆過競爭“烈火”的洗禮，怎麼會被市場、被廣大車主所認可呢?威固的產品經過十七年的沉澱，其品牌價值在市場的影響力自然不言而喻。中國的廣大車主普遍認可的一個道理就是“路遙知馬力，日久見人心”，一個在市場上經曆過十七年不斷考驗而依舊屹立不倒的品牌，必然具有其強大的生命力，車主也願意接受更為有價值的產品和服務。

冬季家居保養術 太陽能熱水器養護竅門

安裝有輔助熱源的應定期檢查輔助熱源裝置及換熱器工作正常與否。對於輔助熱源是電熱管加熱的，使用之前一定要確保漏電保護裝置工作可靠，否則不能使用。使用輔助電加熱時應特別注意上水，應使水箱內水量不低於50%，以防止無水幹燒。在洗澡時，要特別注意拔掉電源插頭，嚴禁帶電使用。
　　采用電伴熱帶等保溫措施
　　冬季當氣溫持續低於0℃時，需開啟電伴熱帶等防凍裝置，使三久太陽能之進行預熱保護。尤其北方嚴寒地區，當氣溫始終在零下時，就要一直開啟加熱防凍裝置。其他地區如果夜間氣溫比較低，可在晚上啟動防凍裝置，白天關閉。室內溫度低於0℃的還應對室內管件、閥門、噴頭等部位做好保溫，防止凍裂。
　　根據天氣情況選擇上水時間
　　冬季使用太陽能熱水器時，要根據天氣寒冷程度來確定加水的時間。如果室外溫度在0℃以上，可以考慮當晚加水;如果室外溫度在0℃以下，則最好選擇次日早晨再加水，以防止出水口處被凍住。
滴水防凍法
　　沒有裝伴熱帶等的太陽能熱水器，如遇天氣較冷，可打開熱水噴頭或水龍頭太陽能熱水器，在下面放置一水盆，把熱水閥松開一點，使其慢慢滴水，以保持管道內水的流動，防止管道凍裂。一般一晚上一盆水的流量可避免管路凍堵。
　　放空防凍法
　　如遇氣溫過低的天氣或者如果太陽能熱水器長期不用，需要將熱水器的上水閥門關閉，放空熱水器和上下管路中的水，以免因為氣溫過低，水缺乏循環而導致水管等凍裂。
　　管道凍住處理
　　冬季，管道被凍住是很常見的事，如發現管道內已結冰但管道尚未開裂三久太陽能熱水器，氣溫回升後一般即可自動疏通。也可用電吹風烘吹，或拿毛巾裹住水管，然後用溫水慢慢澆淋，切不可用火烘烤、敲擊管道或用開水急燙，那樣會使管道爆裂。多次凍堵容易使管道凍裂，因此需要因此加強管道保溫措施。
Part2：聰明使用 避免太陽能熱水器成雞肋
　　到了冬季，使用太陽能熱水器的用戶常常會發現，其產生的熱水往往很難達到洗澡所需要的溫度，這樣的“雞肋”溫度讓用戶用之不能，棄之可惜。其實，用戶可以采取聰明地采取一些方法，讓太陽能熱水器的水溫能夠滿足需求。
　　根據天氣情況決定上水量
　　冬天，太陽光不強，光照時間短，真空管所能吸收到的太陽能輻照量大幅減少熱泵熱水器，為獲得相對滿意的水溫、發揮太陽能的最大效益，可根據天氣預報決定上水量。晚上用完水後，如果水箱裏還有一半熱水，為防止熱散失過快，次日如果為晴天，則上滿水;次日如果為陰雨雪天，則只上1/3的水。
　　巧妙使用熱水器裏的水
　　冬季在晴天時，可以正常使用太陽能熱水器，當氣溫低於-5℃時，每天最好少量、多次使用熱水器裏的水。
早、晚用水時，如果太陽能熱水器裏的水已用完卻還需熱水，這時可以上幾分鍾冷水，利用冷水下沉，熱水上浮的原理，將真空管裏的熱水頂出，就能接著用了。
　　合理使用電加熱功能
　　部分太陽能熱水器帶有電加熱功能，建議在春、夏、秋每季都使用幾次該功能森林太陽能，防止長期不用造成其失靈或自損，也確保冬季到來時能夠正常使用。冬季如果用熱水量大，可考慮啟動太陽能熱水器中的電加熱裝置或將太陽能熱水器裏的水放入電熱水器中稍稍加熱即可。
　　擦拭真空管增加集熱效率
　　冬季雨水量較少，天氣幹燥，灰塵增多，而且部分地區還有下雪天，因此熱水器集熱器和背板上可能會粘附上灰塵和積雪，這些灰塵和積雪覆蓋會使集熱器降低集熱效率。如有條件，宜擦拭真空管以增加集熱效率。